In oil drilling operations, the mud solid control system is a key link to ensure the stability of drilling fluid performance.
The rational use and maintenance of solid control equipment can not only improve drilling efficiency, but also reduce equipment wear and tear and extend service life.

I. Composition and Working Principle of the Solid Control System

A complete mud solid control system usually adopts a five-stage purification process. As the primary processing equipment, the vibrating screen is mainly responsible for removing drill cuttings with larger diameters. The vacuum degasser is used to remove gas from the mud and prevent gas invasion. The desander and desilter successively process medium and fine particles. The final centrifuge can separate the tiniest solid particles. These devices work in coordination to ensure that the drilling fluid reaches the desired cleanliness.

Among the auxiliary equipment, the jet slurry mixing device is used for rapid slurry preparation, the agitator prevents slurry sedimentation, the slurry tank provides storage space, and the slurry gun is used for circulating stirring. These supporting facilities together form a complete mud treatment system.

Ii. Equipment Usage Specifications

In actual operation, the correct usage process must be followed. When installing the equipment, make sure it is placed stably and all connection parts are well sealed. When used for the first time, all valves should be in the closed position. The start-up sequence should start from the vibrating screen, then turn on the degasser, desander, desilter in sequence, and finally start the centrifuge.

When using a vibrating screen, pay attention to the condition of the screen mesh. If any damage is found, replace it in time. When operating the desander and desilter, it is necessary to adjust the slurry pressure reasonably to achieve the best separation effect. The rotational speed of the centrifuge needs to be adjusted according to the density of the slurry, ensuring both the separation effect and avoiding equipment overload. When adding materials to the jet slurry mixing device, a normal circulation should be established first, and then the treatment agent should be added slowly to prevent blockage.

Iii. Key Points for Daily Maintenance

The daily maintenance of equipment is the key to ensuring its long-term stable operation. After each operation, the vibrating screen mesh must be thoroughly cleaned to prevent residues from drying up. The cyclones of the desander and desilter should be regularly inspected for wear and tear, and damaged parts should be replaced in a timely manner. Centrifuges require special attention to the lubrication status of the bearings and lubricating oil should be added regularly as required.

The key point of maintaining the agitator is to check the oil level in the reducer to ensure adequate lubrication. All pipelines and valves should be inspected regularly. Any leakage found should be dealt with promptly. The electrical system should be well protected against water and moisture to prevent short-circuit faults.

Iv. Safety Precautions

When operating solid control equipment, safety regulations must be strictly followed. Operators should wear protective equipment properly, especially when operating centrifuges, they should be cautious to prevent injuries from rotating parts. When equipment is under maintenance, the power supply must be cut off and warning signs hung. Extra caution should be taken when operating high-pressure pipelines. When opening or closing valves, stand to the side to avoid being impacted by high-pressure fluids.

The management level of mud solid control equipment directly affects the efficiency and cost of drilling operations. Through standardized operation, meticulous maintenance and timely repair, not only can the performance of the equipment be guaranteed, but also its service life can be significantly prolonged. In actual work, operators should constantly accumulate experience and flexibly adjust the operation methods according to specific circumstances to keep the solid control system always in the best working condition.